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====== Radio Meteor Detection ======

This pages sums up a general user information concerning all versions of detection stations. For technical information pleas see [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:rmds|MLAB]] which provides technical descriptions of particular versions of stations.

{{:cs:rmds:rmds02d.jpg?400|The most current version of detection station RMDS02D}}
{{:cs:rmds:housing:rmds02d_showcase1.jpg?400| Detection station RMDS02D with cover}}

In order to systematically monitor meteors a system of detection stations is under development. There are several versions of stations currently in operation. Higher version are usually constructed by adding new modules, an observer can therefore start observations with a basic version of station and gradually upgrade it until the most current one.

===== Hardware configuration of station =====

Most hardware parts are part of the [[http://www.mlab.cz/| Modulární elektronické stavebnice MLAB]] project. Current hardware version of station is [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:rmds02|RMDS02D]] with an built-in ARM computer.

==== Receiving antennae ====

Antennae construction is dealt with in section [[cs:antennas| Antennae for receiving signals reflected from meteors]]

==== Coaxial connectors ====

We recommend using MLAB standard screw type SMA coaxial connectors, which have better electrical characteristics than older types of connectors (e.g. BNC or F).

==== Coaxial cables ====

It is recommended to use high quality 50 Ohm coaxial cable with good shielding that would prevent the interference (for example caused by PC) to enter the cable other way than through antenna. The most commonly used cables are RG58, like [[http://www.gme.cz/koaxialni-kabely-50r/rg-58u-96fa-p651-301/|RG-58U/96FA]]. Cables of better quality are available as well, for example [[http://www.gme.cz/koaxialni-kabely-50r/rg-58-ekh-155-p651-320/|RG-58-EKH-155]] or LMR 195.

Coaxial cable should be as short as possible in order to prevent unnecessary signal loss in the antenna lead.

==== Receiver  ====

Stations in Bolidozor network use SDR receivers [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:sdrx|SDRX01B]], specifically designed for radioastronomical applications.

=== Signal digitisation ===

In order to digitise a low-frequency signal from receiver a computer sound card with stereo input can be used. Important parameter of the sound card is a good signal to noise ration (S/N at least 80dB). That is why the stations use a special solution - [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:sdr-widget|sdr-widget]]

===== Software configuration of the detection station =====

Software configuration of station is divided into two steps: firstly, tuning the receiver to [[en:graves|GRAVES]] radar transmission frequency and secondly, setting the meteor detection in the receiving band. 
  
==== Local oscillator of the receiver ====

MLAB module [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:clkgen|CLKGEN01B]] is the most frequently used local oscillator and is natively controlled via I²C bus. However, it it possible to connect other interfaces using different modules.

New versions of detection station [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:rmds02|RMDS02]] have an automatic solution to this problem thanks to an integration of [[http://wiki.mlab.cz/doku.php?id=en:gpsdo|exact frequency generator]].

==== Meteor detection ====

Meteors are detected in spectrum by comparing the signal intensity. This means, that in certain range of frequencies the level of background noise is measured and compared with the intensity of region, where the meteor signal is expected. If the intensity of this region is found to be approximately 7dB higher compared to background noise, a meteor is detected and a mark is registered in the spectrogram, containing information about the basic parameters of the meteor.

[[en:spectrumlab|SpecrumLab]], a software previously used for meteor detection, was in case of new stations replaced by [[en:radio-observer|radio-observer]].

===== Data visualisation =====

In order to visualise the detections and acquired data, we use either [[en:pysdr|pySDR]] or [[en:freya|Freya]] software, both generating sound and live waterfall spectrogram.

==== Data publication ====

For the measured data to gain a scientific significance, it is important to provide them to other observers and scientists. There exist several international databases, where the data can be uploaded.

=== IMO ===

http://www.imo.net/ 
An organisation, for historical reasons primarily focused on visual meteor observations, but taking interest in radio data as well, especially those of important events.

=== RMOB ===

[[http://rmob.org/index.php|RMOB.org]] is probably the world biggest network dedicated to radio meteor observation. After uploading the data from station to [[en:servers|central repository]], it automatically generates the data outputs for RMOB using [[en:rmob-export|rmob-export]] software. In order to allow the data to be used in RMOB, all that is required is to add a filled configuration file rmob.cfg  to data.

=== Astrozor ===

[[http://www.astrozor.cz/|Astrozor]] is a webpage gathering data mainly about the astronomical observation sites. It is recommended to register every detection station here, so other users have knowledge about its existence. Other activities of the webpage include a possibility to publish data of an important astronomical event or to organise events and activities.

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